Marion knew that an engagement with them would not be easy and he could expect no support from the American army. The Rangers were engaged in numerous violent raids that characterized the northern frontier of the American Revolutionary War, such as the Battle of Wyoming in July 1778 and the Cherry Valley massacre of November 1778. 14 cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. The Regiment was authorized on July 11, 1776 in the Continental Army as a Battalion for frontier defense in the, Designated on July 20, 1776 as Mackay's Battalion. In pursuit was Peter Horry, firing on the retreating forms from every bush and thicket. Pennsylvania Archives volumes and not directly from original archival records. Samuel Morehead's Independent Company, an element of the. The four regiments of light dragoons raised in 1777 as a reconnaissance force derived from European developments in light cavalry during the eighteenth century. In response to the Associators' building dissatisfaction, the Provincial Assembly passed a tax on men aged 16 to 50 who did not volunteer, and paid a bonus to those who did. Swearingen resigned from the service in August 1779 and settled in Washington County, Pa., where he owned a handful of slaves and became the county's first sheriff two years later. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. 21 Thacher, James, Military Journal during the American Revolutionary War, pp. These sharpshooters were proving to be so successful that Watson felt compelled by noon to redeploy his regiment to a large open field about a half-mile away. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Chester, Philadelphia and Northumberland Counties. Under the provisions of the Militia Act, each individual summmoned had the right to file an appeal asking that their service be delayed and some successfuly avoided service by repeatedly filing appeals. Defense Production Act Title III Presidential Determination for Airbreathing Engines, Advanced Avionics Position Navigation and Guidance Systems, and Constituent Materials for Hypersonic Systems, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict Co-Hosts the First Irregular Warfare Medical Resiliency Working Group, Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Ranger Assessment & Selection Program How to Become a 75th Ranger, 75 Years Ago Today. The Thirteenth was incorporated with the Second Pennsylvania, July 1, 1778. Somewhat similarly, at the end of the war arrearages and allowances due were met by issuing to each soldier still in the service a number of interest-bearing Final Settlements, also calledPierce's Certificates. For the 2nd Class, the colonel of the 2nd Battalion, lieutenant colonel of the First Battalion, and major of the 4th Battalion entered service in command of the 2nd Class active-duty battalion. On June 30, 1775, the Provincial Assembly gave official recognition to the Associators and grouped their companies into battalions. In fact, his memoirs published in 1716 by a son are the first American military manual. Pennsylvania Militia and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. Reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 7th Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. These active duty rolls could be distinguished from the permanent billet rolls by the fact that instead of being listed by individual classes as they were in the permanent rolls, the names of the men were here listed under the name of the company captain. In January 1780, the Regiment after suffering long and hard service with pay in arrears, poorly fed, and poorly equipped, joined the other Pennsylvania regiments in a mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line at Morristown, New Jersey. During 1777, the regiment participated in the Philadelphia Campaign and fought at the Battles of Brandywine (11 Sept.) and Germantown (4 Oct.). Pennsylvania, The Regiment then marched to Tappan to bolster the Garrison at Ticonderoga after Arnold's defection. Pennsylvania was assigned to provide 12 of these "Continental" regiments and decided to use the battalions created in 1775 as the foundation for the state's quota. The original 8th Pennsylvania Regiment was formed in July 1776 of men from Westmoreland and Bedford counties in western Pennsylvania. and were required to show up for their two months of active duty at the time and in the order that their class was called up. On New Year's Day, 1781, members of the 6th Pennsylvania joined the mutiny of the Pennsylvania regiments then quartered at Morristown. The Pine Tree Shilling. For purposes of administration and drill, Bucks County Associators and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. It is notable, however, that during the summer campaign of 1776, thousands of Pennsylvania Associators saw active service in New Jersey. List of 10,000 Revolutionary Soldiers 1775-1783. With his cavalry defeated, Watson advanced his guards. The names of those who actually turned out for muster duty would then appear on company muster rolls listing the men in their new arrangement. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. South Carolina and Georgia each raised mounted ranger units in 1775-1776, but when they became part of the Continental Army during the summer of 1776 they transformed into mounted infantry. The light infantry companies continued under their existing practice of forming provisional battalions for each campaign season. Gen. Anthony Wayne and Washington south in August where they fought at Brandywine on September 11, 1777. Other examples of this type of service include the large numbers of Pennsylvania militia employed in the summer and autumn of 1777 to oppose the British invasion at Brandywine and on the flanks at the battle of Germantown, though in neither case did they actually see action. Watson did not take long to initiate the fight. Lower Bridge was only twelve miles away. RevWar Progressive The 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment was raised, on December 9, 1775, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. They also became very adept at employing the mounted troops in a raid designed to provoke a British pursuit which would end with a classic "L-shaped" ambush. It sustained casualties at Paoli on Sept. 21, including one officer killed, and at the Battle of Germantown it was the left flank of the American troops attacking the British center that was mistakenly fired on by other American troops. Hiding in his lair on Peyres Plantation or Snows Island by day and stealthily emerging at night to strike around midnight, Marion and his men would wreak havoc on British units from White Marsh to Black Mingo before fading once again into the morasses of the Santee or Peedee Rivers. Advancing his main force as support, Marion again ordered Horry to charge. For line troops, neither the type of service rendered nor the term of enlistment was uniform. Rangers committed to prolonged enlistment periods and rather than fight the war for independence, they patrolled Pennsylvania's western frontier, often fending off Indian attacks. The regiment was raised in Cumberland and York counties (companies G and H). These nine companies were to form a battalion to be commanded by Col. William Thompson of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Other units in the Continental Army either used the term ranger in their designation or were commonly called rangers, but did not serve in that capacity in the traditional sense. Substitute Fine was paid. Most of the regiment's men were recruited from Berks and Chester counties, although many came from Philadelphia and as far away as Northumberland County. Marion knew that if he did not continue to press, theyd be back with a vengeance. Undaunted by the destroyed bridge or the rebels fire, the lead guardsmen closed column and plunged across the river. Special battalions of line troops were recruited for theFlying Campfrom among the Pennsylvania Associators who took part in the New Jersey campaign in 1776. Later that evening, one of Marions scouts reconnoitered the camp and rode off to warn his brigadier. During the 1777 campaign, the regiment split, with the smaller rifle corps joining Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates at Saratoga. RevWar '75 Continental Army Orderly Books Crown Forces Orderly Books Articles from Military Collector and Historian. Following the British practice of calling a regiment after its commander, this battalion came to be called Thompson's Rifle Battalion. For Bucks County, information has also been provided from the returns for the Committee of Safety (the Associators) for 1775. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). Companies and Battalions of militia were set up on a geographical basis similar to the arrangement already familiar with the Associators. This was in spite of the fact that he "is detested by the officer's of his brigade because he makes his brigade work and personally drills and instructs it, instead of leaving it idle in camp. There, on January 1, 1781, the mutiny of the Pennsylvania troops took place. Many men listed on company rosters never drilled, and tens of thousands enrolled in the militia never experienced a single day of active duty. John Doyle's Independent Rifle Company. Organized between January 8- March 20, 1776 at Carlisle to consist of 8 companies from Cumberland and York Counties. The Continental Army authorized several of these formations in 1777 and 1778, primarily as a vehicle to employ European volunteers who could not be inserted into existing regiments without provoking major arguments over rank, or because of language barriers. Gen. Thomas Mifflin. October 28, 1776 The Battle of White Plains. Union County, Weve updated the security on the site. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 (M246), and other historical records. 11th Pennsylvania Regiment was officially authorized on October 25, 1776. Undaunted, the British Regulars held their ground, unlimbered their field cannon, and repelled the attack. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Military Records Pennsylvania in the Revolutionary War 1st Pennsylvania Regiment Brief History Also known as the Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion and Thompson's Rifle Battalion. When the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, about fifty Loyalist regiments were raised, including the Butler's Rangers, the King's Royal Regiment, and the Maryland and Pennsylvania Loyalists.Robert Rogers again raised a unit, this time in New York (mostly from Loyalists living in Westchester and Long Island), from western Connecticut, and with men from the Queen's Loyal Virginia . Continental Regiments, 1st Pennsylvania Regiment 2d Pennsylvania Regiment 3d Pennsylvania Regiment 4th Pennsylvania Regiment 5th Pennsylvania Regiment 6th Pennsylvania Regiment 7th Pennsylvania Regiment 8th Pennsylvania Regiment 9th Pennsylvania Regiment 10th Pennsylvania Regiment 11th Pennsylvania Regiment 12th Pennsylvania Regiment 13th Pennsylvania Regiment Nelson's Independent Rifle Company William's Independent Company Morehead's Independent Company Weaver's Independent Company Pugh's Independent Company Doyle's Independent Rifle Company Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion Carlisle Independent Companies State Militia Units. It should be noted that these fines were not necessarily intended to be punitive. Following a brief skirmish on the narrow land bridge, both sides withdrew. On June 10, 1777, the Pennsylvania Assembly, following the advice of the Supreme Executive Council of the state, transferred the state regiment to Continental service. At the Battle of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, it was one of the three Pennsylvania regiments in the force which Aaron Burr led in a late-afternoon assault on the flank of a British counterattacking column. However, the men who remained in service were all redistributed among all these units and this establishment was mostly on paper. Unfortunately for Watson, the lack of trees and concealment did not diminish the fires, nor their accuracy. To get things off to a spirited start, he dispatched a detachment of sharpshooters across the river to the plantation where Watson and his troops were housed with orders to shoot his sentries and to wreak havoc. The resulting restructuring of the Pennsylvania Line perpetuated a 2nd Regiment among the state's six reorganized units, with Walter Stewart still in command. The term "Pennsylvania Line" referred to the quota of numbered infantry regiments assigned to Pennsylvania at various times by theContinental Congress. (When an individual filed an appeal, they could also, however, be placed into a later class.) Col. Henry Bicker was appointed in his place but did not actually join the regiment until the following October. Washington wanted to use it as a vehicle for insuring tribal support--its Native American members would become hostages for the good behavior of the rest of the tribe--as well as a combat element. Pennsylvania, (It should be noted, however, that a person serving as a substitute for someone else was not thereby excused from also serving in their own turn.) based on information from your browser. Scouts abounded about the British regiment. Relieved on April 27, 1776 from Green's Brigade and assigned to the. Congress passed the first national conscription act in the country's history. In formal battles it provided unblemished flank security, but it was even better in rear battle by conducting deep raids against British logistical bases. Many members of the Pennsylvania Navy were entitled to and received Depreciation pay certificates, and, rather curiously, some were paid off with Certificates of the Funded or Militia Debt. And, they were still separate from the militias sanctioned by Pennsylvania's Provincial Assembly. The military unit may also be identified by searching the collection "United States, Revolutionary War Compiled Service Records, 1775-1783" Index provided by Fold3.com and FamilySearch. Formation [ edit] The regiment was disbanded on January 1, 1783. The only unit capable, Lees Legion, had been recalled to the north to support Greene. The Flying Camp? Despite the hardships they had endured on Arnold's forlorn expedition to Canada, about 340 of the nearly 500 men who had been with the 1st Battalion at Ticonderoga did join the Second Pennsylvania Regiment in time enough for Col. DeHaas and a portion of the unit to join Washington's army at Trenton and fight in the battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777, in a brigade of Pennsylvanians commanded by Brig. As the advance guard made its way across the river, Marion fell upon the rear guard. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. Both Watson and Marion rode out to face each other across a quarter-mile causeway spanning the mire and marsh of the swamp. It is believed and written by many that when the time came for the colonies to fight for their independence, the American Rangers were ready. To a degree, when one looks to the likes of Francis Marion, The Swamp Fox, that may be true. Maybe they were militia or Rangers. In offensive operations they became scouts and guides, locating targets (such as villages) for task forces drawn from the militia or other colonial troops. 23, No. Marion was located past Murrys Ferry. Later, some of the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the patrol actions in New Jersey, which marked the spring and summer of 1777. Contrary to common belief, none of the lands granted to veterans by the federal government were located in Pennsylvania. In the original concept rangers were full-time soldiers employed by the colonial governments to "range" between fixed frontier fortifications as a reconnaissance system to provide early warning of hostile raids. In 1747, Ben Franklin (only 39 years of age at the time) created the Philadelphia Militia Association, a completely volunteer force totalling 10,000 enrollees. This collection is from Record Group 93, War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, and is National Archives Microfilm publication M246. Though the act provided exemptions for members of the Continental Congress, Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council, Supreme Court judges, masters and teachers of colleges, ministers of the Gospel, and indentured servants, as a practical matter anyone could avoid serving either by filing an appeal to delay their service for a period of time or by paying a fine to hire a substitute. A double-pronged attack was planned with Lieutenant Colonel Watson marching down the Santee to attack Marion while Colonel Welbore Ellis Doyle crossed the Lynches River to cut off the rebels escape. Other than the regiments and separate companies of riflemen from Pennsylvania and the states to the south, who really functioned as light infantry rather than rangers, the Continental Army only formed two functional ranger units. December 19, 1777 - After an encampment of almost six weeks at Whitemarsh, Pennsylvania the army moved into its winter quarters at Valley Forge where they would remain for the next six months. Northumberland County Revolutionary War Militia Upper Division Associators, 24 January 1776 Commanding Officers: Col. unknown Imposing and silent, highly disciplined and trained, impressive in their bright red uniforms, the guards led with bayonets that gleamed and sparkled on the ends of upraised muskets. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 2d Pennsylvania Battalion. Subsequently, management of these troops was assumed by the Continental Congress. The "Act to Regulate the Militia of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" passed 17 March 1777, and the the subsequent Militia Act passed March 20, 1780, together with their amendments, required all white men between the ages of 18 and 53 capable of bearing arms to serve two months of militia duty on a rotating basis. As such, they were subject to the orders of the Provincial Assembly. The two dismounted troops armed and equipped as light infantry provided a defensive element to protect the camp from enemy surprise attack, and also provided a base of fire around which the mounted elements could maneuver. Exercise Fine. In fact over the period of several years the 3d South Carolina Regiment gradually evolved into a line infantry regiment. Recipe Book - 1705. The The Regiment was authorized on October 12, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 1st Pennsylvania Battalion. Continental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. The regiment would see action during the New York Campaign, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Sullivan Expedition. For line troops, neither the type of service rendered nor the term of enlistment was uniform. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. For Northumberland County, the number of militiamen serving in each company of the 1776 Associator Battalions and for the 1778 3rd and 4th Militia Battalions is provided. June 26, 1777 - As part of Lord Stirling's Division the regiment probably joined the army in time to participate in the battle of Short Hills. This active-duty roll was therefore a completely different roll from the permanent billet roll. Conway's Brigade continued at attack and eventually drove "the enemy a mile and a half below Chew's house" before being forced to retire. Black regimental hats are bound up in yellow.Records of deserters in 1777-78 show however, men clad in various color regimental coats and hunting shirts. USA, Somerset, Ages ranged from sixteen to sixty years. This was the decisive point of the campaign that required Marion to attack. Captured in part on November 16, 1776 by the British Army at Fort Washington, New York. [1] For a full account of the social factors and legislation that this article draws from, see Arthur J. Alexander, "Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Militia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 69:1 (January 1945 ), 15-25.