herbicide mode of action chart 2021 herbicide mode of action chart 2021

DIN OT Weed Science is the study of vegetation management in agriculture, aquatics, horticulture, right-of-way, essentially anywhere plants need to be managed. Atrazine also increased the effects of other pesticides in mosquito larvae and various flies (Belden and Lydy 2000, Lydy and Linck 2003). These herbicides are applied to the soil to control target vegetation before emergence by inhibiting root growth. Atrazine is a widely used herbicide that can be applied before and after planting to control broadleaf and grassy weeds. Hall LW Jr, Anderson RD, Ailstock MS (1997) Chronic toxicity of atrazine to sago pondweed at a range of salinities: implications for criteria development and ecological risk. These herbicides inhibit Photosystem II, part of the photosynthesis pathway, and are Depending on the product, (12 pages) So much of precision agriculture such as precision spraying technology or weed-identifying apps relies on images. Additionally, if abundant, healthy and diverse periphyton and macrophytes are observed in a stream (see Figure 5) it is unlikely that herbicides are responsible for the impairment. These Resistance Management Strategies do not replace product labels. @QAAFI scientists have mapped the Hass avocados genome to understand why it is exceptional in tas https://t.co/C0lsj67gwG, Level 1 Maddocks House40 Macquarie Street,Barton ACT 2600, Herbicide Resistance Management Strategies, clodinafop (Topik), cyhalofop (Agixa*, Barnstorm), diclofop (Cheetah Gold* Decision*, Hoegrass), fenoxaprop (Cheetah, Gold*, Wildcat), fluazifop (Fusilade), haloxyfop (Verdict), propaquizafop (Shogun), quizalofop (Targa), butroxydim (Factor*), clethodim (Select), profoxydim (Aura), sethoxydim (Cheetah Gold*, Decision*), tralkoxydim (Achieve), imazamox (Intervix*, Raptor), imazapic (Bobcat I-Maxx*, Flame, Midas*, OnDuty*), imazapyr (Arsenal Xpress*, Intervix*, Lightning*, Midas* OnDuty*), imazethapyr (Lightning*, Spinnaker), bispyribac (Nominee), pyrithiobac (Staple), azimsulfuron (Gulliver), bensulfuron (Londax), chlorsulfuron (Glean), ethoxysulfuron (Hero), foramsulfuron (Tribute), halosulfuron (Sempra), iodosulfuron (Hussar), mesosulfuron (Atlantis), metsulfuron (Ally, Harmony* M, Stinger*, Trounce*, Ultimate Brushweed* Herbicide), prosulfuron (Casper*), rimsulfuron (Titus), sulfometuron (Oust, Eucmix Pre Plant*, Trimac Plus*), sulfosulfuron (Monza), thifensulfuron (Harmony* M), triasulfuron (Logran, Logran B-Power*), tribenuron (Express), trifloxysulfuron (Envoke, Krismat*), florasulam (Crest*, Gangster*, Paradigm*, Vortex*, XPand*), flumetsulam (Broadstrike, Thistrol Gold*), metosulam (Eclipse), oryzalin (Rout*, Surflan), pendimethalin (Freehand*, Stomp), prodiamine (Barricade), trifluralin (Bolta Duo*, Jetti Duo*, Treflan), dicamba (Banvel, Banvel M*, Barrel*, Casper*, Lawnweeder plus*, Lawn weedkiller*, Mecoban, Methar Tri-Kombi*, Nuturf Millennium*, Sandoban*), 2,4-D (Actril DS*, Amicide, Fallow Boss Tordon*, Methar Tri-Kombi*, Pyresta*, Vortex*), 2,4-DB (Trifolamine), dichlorprop (Lantana 600), MCPA (Agtryne MA*, Banvel M*, Barrel*, Basagran M60*, BuctrilMA*, Buffalo Pro Weedkiller*, Condor*, Flight*, Lawnweeder plus*, Lawn Weedkiller*, Midas*, Paragon*, Precept*, Quadrant*, Silverado*, Spearhead*, Thistrol Gold*, Tigrex*, Tordon242*, Triathlon*), MCPB (Legumine, Thistrol Gold*), mecoprop (Mecoban, Mecopropamine, MetharTriKombi*, Multiweed*). Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (trade name Rinskor) is a novel synthetic auxin herbicide that was approved in China in 2017 and is widely used in rice production to control resistant weeds, including barnyard grass. This is not meant to be a comprehensive bibliography of references dealing with herbicides, but rather is meant to highlight a few references that may be especially useful. These herbicides are also referred Atrazine injury in cotton from a preemergence application. Herbicides from very different chemical families may have the same mechanism of action. The mode of action of herbicides is important for understanding the management, classification, organization, and hierarchy of the herbicides. Cross resistance, or herbicide-resistance The surfactants used in herbicide solutions also can be toxic to biota and are not considered when testing active ingredients (Folmar et al. Applied to the foliage and transported with sugars to metabolic sites where they inhibit amino acid production. Adobe PDF Library 15.0 UNV Viral agents (non-baculovirus) of unknown or uncertain MoA. 0000019178 00000 n Additional Information Author Joe Neal The way in which a herbicide kills weeds is called its mode of action. 0 is a generally a non-selective herbicide and will severely injure or kill any living Merriweather-BoldItalic Also applied for control of broad-leafed trees when planting conifers. Repeated use of herbicides with the same site of action can result in herbicide-resistant weed populations. Environmental Pollution 157:237-249. It is also useful in removing mildew as well as a reliable killer of algae on commercial water bodies. List of approved active constituents in each Group and, for ease of identification, the trade name of the first registered product or successor. For that use, the rate of application may be high and exposed streams are more likely to be of higher quality than agricultural or urban streams. 0 Inhibition of acetyl co-enzyme A carboxylase (ACCase inhibitors), Inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS inhibitors), acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), * This product contains more than one active constituent, Disruptors of plant cell growth (Auxin mimics), Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II D1 Serine 264 binders (and other non-histidine binders) (PS II Serine 264 inhibitors), Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II D1 Histadine 215 binders, Inhibition of 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3 phosphate synthase (EPSP inhibition), Inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis at the phytoene desaturase step (PDS inhibitors), Inhibition of deoxy-D-xyulose phosphate synthase (DOXP inhibitors), Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO inhibitors), Inhibition of very long chain fatty acid synthesis (VLCFA inhibitors), Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem I via electron diversion (PSI electron diversion), Inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD inhibitors), Inhibition of serine-threonine protein phosphatase (STPP inhibitors), Inhibition of solanesyl diphosphate synthase, * This product contains more than one active constituent, URL: https://croplife.org.au/resources/programs/resistance-management/herbicide-moa-table-4-draft-2/ -- Effects on aquatic plants can indirectly affect fish and invertebrates by modifying habitat and food availability. It further subdivides the information into chemical type and then common and trade names. Australia's approach to herbicide mode of action (MOA) classification is being updated to align with the new international system. FRAC works to prolong the effectiveness of fungicides liable to encounter resistance problems and to limit crop losses should resistance occur. Oklahoma. have not emerged from the soil surface. As tissue that develops in susceptible plants after application. 2577315893 The amino acid synthesis inhibition mode of action includes herbicides from the following chemical families: sulfonylureas . 1979). Despite the different salt formulations available, it is ), and lists products by common and trade names. The North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual provides extension specialists and agents, researchers, and professionals in the agriculture industry with information on the selection, application, and safe and proper use of agricultural chemicals. These weeds can impede irrigation withdrawals or interfere with recreational and industrial uses of water (Folmar et al. Off-target dicamba movement. Herbicide is generally not systemic, but in some susceptible species young plants (e.g. Lakes and reservoirs used for recreation are often treated for macrophyte control as well. Herbicide mode of action is a term that generally describes the plant process (e.g., photosynthesis) or enzyme (e.g., ALS) that is disrupted by the herbicide. weed control and crop desiccation prior to harvest. These herbicides generally control grass This publication describes the symptoms of each category of herbicides (growth regulators, photosynthesis inhibitors, etc. 0000003230 00000 n Anthropogenic activities and land uses, such as industry, urban development, forestry and agriculture can contribute herbicides to streams. In addition to knowing the crops in which a herbicide can be Now that you understand the terms the structure of herbicide classification we will now go through a brief overview of the eight modes of actions. composition, but control susceptible plants in the same way and cause similar injury of action may be a general description of the injury symptoms seen on susceptible Source: C715 - Herbicide Mode of Action, K-State Research and Extension. However, herbicide-resistant and other non-target plants may increase in abundance with herbicide exposure, due to reduced competitive pressure from affected plants. This chart lists premix herbicides alphabetically by their trade names This mode of action, also known as synthetic auxins, includes many commonly used plant Nerve & Muscle Most current insecticides act on nerve and muscle targets. Click on the diagram to view a larger version. Email. and confusing task. converted Presently metabolites of triazines, chloroacetanilides, phenyl ureas and the phosphanoglycine glyphosate have been measured (Scribner et al. DINOT-CondBoldIta U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Riverdale MD. Of the Respiration Inhibitors, Group 7 and Group 11 are the most . Atrazine is part of the triazine chemical class which includes simazine and propazine due to their common mechanism of toxicity. Refer to the Mode of Action chart for more . premixes that contain two or more active ingredients. 0000089829 00000 n Common herbicides used in Oklahoma winter wheat and their rotation restrictions for soybean. In some cases, herbicides may be transported atmospherically in spray drift. Adapted from Ross and Childs (1996) and USDA; commercial names in italics. The strategies are a useful tool that supports farmers adoption of resistance management. 2017-01-18T11:33-06:00 Sign up for Updates The loss of a fungicide to agriculture through resistance is a problem that affects us all. Herbicide Mode of Action C715 is available to download for free at: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/C715.pdf. Herbicides with This Mode of Action: Atrazine, diuron*, fluometuron* (Cotoran), metribuzin (Sencor), bentazon (Basagran), bromoxynil (Buctril), prometryn* (Caparol), simazine (Princep) *Indicates herbicide labeled for use in cotton. This narrative generally follows the diagram top to bottom, left to right. Welcome to FRAC Fungicides have become an integral part of efficient food production. DIN OT Refer to the Site of Action chart on the left for more information. Hayes TB, Stuart AA, Mendoza M, Collins A, Noriega N, Vonk A, Johnston G, Liu R, Kpodzo D (2006) Characterization of atrazine-induced gonadal malformations in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) and comparisons with effects of an androgen antagonist (cyproterone acetate) and exogenous estrogen (17B-estradiol): support for the demasculinization/feminization hypothesis. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. It provides a good starting point for finding pesticide use, occurrence, and effects data on the web. This chart groups herbicides by their modes of action to assist you in selecting herbicides 1) to maintain greater diversity in herbicide use and 2) to rotate among herbicides with different sites of action to delay the development of herbicide resistance. in Kansas. Although herbicides in general have lower toxicity to animals than other pesticides, fish or invertebrate kills may be a sign of herbicide use. and/or potassium salts. For example, exposure to herbicides may lead to elevated internal herbicide concentrations and decreased photosynthesis, cell division, and amino acid production in plants. This trait may help distinguish the biological effects of herbicides from those of insecticides and most other toxic chemicals. %PDF-1.3 % 2835246409 0000126614 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n This conceptual diagram (Figure 7)illustrates linkages between human activities and sources (top of diagram), herbicide-related stressors (middle of diagram), and the biological responses that can result (bottom of diagram). select This list is intended to guide you in collecting evidence to support, weaken or eliminate herbicides as a candidate cause. a single herbicide active ingredient or mode of action places heavy selection pressure Stability of Pesticide Degradates in Reagent WaterLC-MS/MS Positive ESI Analytes, Pesticide Occurrence and Distribution in the Lower Clackamas River Basin, Oregon, 20002005, Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri), An Economic and Pest Management Evaluation of the Herbicide Dacthal in California Agriculture, Water Quality Monitoring Data for Pesticides on Long Island, Ny, Characterization of Hppd-Inhibitor Resistance in Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus), Trade Name, Common Name, Formulation, Mode of Action, And, Evaluation of P-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase-Inhibiting Herbicides for Controlling Mugwort, List of Banned Pesticides and Pesticides Watchlist, Michigan Agricultural Statistics 2003-2004, Alternatives for Control of Atrazine Tolerant Weeds in Sweet Corn Production, Tank Mixing Pendimethalin with Pyroxasulfone and Chloroacetamide Herbicides Enhances In-Season Residual Weed Control in Corn, Common Commercial Pre-Packaged Herbicide Mixtures Photo Courtesy of Larry Steckel, Herbicide Performance with Soil Applied Dimethenamid-P, S-Metolachlor, and Flufenacet in Soybeans at Lamberton, MN in 2003, US EPA, Pesticide Product Label, Paraquat 43.2% SL,12/30/2019, Herbicide Options in Corn Interseeded with Cover Crops Aaron Brooker Christy Sprague, Karen Renner Michigan State University, Application of Pyroxasulfone with Paraquat, Bentazon, And, Weed Management Guide LOUISIANA SUGGESTED WEED MANAGEMENT GUIDE 2012, Evaluation of Preemergent Herbicides for Chloris Virgata Control in Mungbean, U.S. EPA, Pesticide Product Label, BAS 661 00 H, 05/18/2009, Recommended Protection Measures for Pesticide Applications in Region 2 of the U.S. Similarly, if you have glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth in your field, tank-mixing dicamba (active ingredient in Xtendimax or Engenia herbicide, WSSA group 4) and glyphosate (Roundup, WSSA group 9) only provides one effective mode of action. This chart lists premix herbicides alphabetically by their trade names so you can identify the premix's component herbicides and their respective site of action groups. symptoms. Th Herbicide Classification Chart helps farmers, crop consultants, and the ag-retailer industry to understand Site of Action across many commonly used herbicides and improve herbicide rotation. The USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program provides guidance, lab methods, field methods and literature related to detecting herbicides in ground and surface water. Herbicide rotation in combination with other integrated weed management strategies is critical to help prolong the utility of herbicides. effective ways to rotate herbicide modes of action is through crop rotation. In streams, herbicides may be dissolved in the water column or bound to sediments, and their impact depends on the medium in which they occur. and are distinctive because of the yellow color of their formulations. preplant incorporated or preemergence in a wide range of agronomic crops, vegetables, ALS-resistant, Type 2 or more characters into the input search below for suggested results, use up and down arrow keys to navigate through suggest box. 7.504 3600 Haworth Dr., Suite 2 Raleigh, NC 27609 | 919.839.5700 | ncsoy@ncsoy.org/. PPO inhibitors may also be referred to as cell membrane disruptors and are usually Rather than causing direct toxicity to organisms, herbicides may contribute to other stressors (e.g., instream habitat alteration via riparian devegetation). 0000108351 00000 n DIN OT OpenType - PS These effects can result in biologically impaired macrophyte, periphyton, phytoplankton, fish and invertebrate assemblages, which in turn can contribute to changes in community structure and ecosystem function. U.S. EPA's goal is to add to these benchmarks annually. 0000025743 00000 n Reproduced from USDA Economic Research Service, Pest Management. Shepard JP, Creighton J, Duzan H (2004) Forestry herbicides in the United States: an overview. The manual is revised annually offering a wealth of up-to-date and reliable information covering . They are a guide only and do not endorse particular products, groups of products or cultural methods in terms of their performance. OpenType - PS Wildlife Society Bulletin 32(4):1020-1027. xmp.did:893215F0092068118083BE644F7C0155 There are currently 515 unique cases (species x site of action) of herbicide resistant weeds globally, with 267 species (154 dicots and 113 monocots). resulting in herbicides that are no longer effective for weed control. Science of the Total Environment 248(2-3):157-167. turf, and ornamentals for control of grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. SOA is sometimes called mechanism of action. This chart lists premix herbicides alphabetically by their trade names so you can identify the premix's component herbicides and their respective site-of-action groups. Applied to crops such as corn, soybeans and sorghum, particularly for conservation tillage. 0000152757 00000 n 0000089943 00000 n Applied pre-planting to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds among crops such as corn and soybeans. At this time, there are no weeds in Oklahoma that have been imidazolinones (or IMIs) or sulfonylureas (or SUs), but there are three other High Resistance Risk formulations of old products, premixes, and genericscan make weed control a difficult -- All new works based on this websites resources will carry the same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. OpenType - PS 0000220936 00000 n 0000013399 00000 n Inhibitors of the ACCase enzyme in plants are used strictly for grass control. The letters refer to P = host defense inducers, M = multi-site inhibitors, and U = unknown mode of action and unknown resistance risk. / %%EOF 357120380 This section presents an annotated bibliography of references providing information on stressor-response relationships for herbicides, as well as general background on herbicide properties. 7.504 0000026277 00000 n Because of their U.S. Geological Survey. 0 Environmental Health Perspectives 87:263-271. Join the GROW community to receive information on IWM strategies that really work, right to your inbox. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 53(1):22-35. endstream endobj 6 0 obj <>]/Pages 1 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 7 0 obj <. Herbicide mode of action is a term that generally describes the plant process (e.g., photosynthesis) or enzyme (e.g., ALS) that is disrupted by the herbicide. Herbicide behaviour. ways and should not be considered to be the same mode of action. Herbicide classification and chemistry. ALS inhibitors. The FRAC Mode of Action (MoA) classification provides growers, advisors, extension staff, consultants and crop protection professionals with a guide to the selection of fungicides for use in an effective and sustainable fungicide resistance management strategy. wisconsincropmanager+unsubscribe@g-groups.wisc.edu (leave). Knowing and understanding each herbicides mode of action is an important step in Repeated use of herbicides with the same site of action can result in the development of herbicide . DINOT-CondIta All previous versions of this strategy are now invalid. Merriweather Herbicide application occurs most frequently in row-crop farming, where they are applied before or during planting to maximize crop productivity by minimizing other vegetation. Growth Insect development is controlled by juvenile hormone and ecdysone, by directly perturbing cuticle formation/deposition or lipid . It usually describes the biological process or enzyme in the plant that the herbicide 1899308463 0000024971 00000 n glyphosate-resistant crops, including corn, soybean, cotton, and canola. 5 70 OpenType - PS Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv (common name: barnyard grass) is a major weed in rice-growing areas and has evolved resistance to multiple herbicides. glyphosate can be formulated as ammonium, diammonium, dimethylammonium, isopropylamine, used, the weeds it will control, the appropriate rate, and any necessary adjuvants The right half of the chart lists herbicide premixes and includes their individual herbicides and sites of action (SOA). However, it can be used selectively in The mode of action is the way in which the herbicide controls susceptible plants. or more modes of action. 0000112732 00000 n 7.504 Mode of Action is the plant processes affected by the herbicide, or the entire sequence of events that results in death of susceptible plants. Herbicides can act by inhibiting cell division, photosynthesis or amino acid production or by mimicking natural plant growth hormones, causing deformities (Ross and Childs 1996). This publication provides herbicide mode of action, group number, site of action, chemical family, active ingredient, and example trade names for herbicides currently registered in Wisconsin. The global MoA classification system is based on numerical codes which provides infinite capacity to accommodate new herbicide . Ultimately, these effects may result in changes in community structure (e.g., decreased richness, changes in functional feeding groups) and ecosystem function. Table 5. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS To be effective, herbicides must 1) adequately contact plants; 2) be absorbedby plants; 3) move within the plants to the site of action, without being deactivated; and 4) reach toxic levels at the site of action. New MOA classifications coming From July 2021, the agriculture industry will be transitioning to a NEW code system for differentiating mode of actions for herbicides. used, and each is unique in the way it controls susceptible plants. The list of herbicides in the accompanying be used as a non-selective burndown treatment or as an over-the-top postemergence Applied to control grasses and broadleaf weeds in crops such as beans, peanuts, cotton and tobacco. University of Missouri Extension is an equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. Anthropogenic activities and sources can supply streams with high concentrations of herbicides and their metabolites, which can lead to lethal and sub-lethal effects on aquatic biota (see Figure 6). Continue to follow current integrated weed management strategies and rotation plans. 0000034436 00000 n Weeds have evolved resistance to 21 of the 31 known herbicide sites of action and to 165 different herbicides.Herbicide resistant weeds have been reported in 97 crops in 72 countries.The website has 3172 registered users and 667 weed scientists . Aminocyclopyrachlor (Method), aminopyralid (Fallow Boss Tordon*, ForageMax*, Grazon Extra*, Hotshot*, Stinger*, Vigilant II*), clopyralid (Lontrel, Nuturf Millennium*, Spearhead*, Trimac Plus*, Velmac Plus*) , florpyrauxifen (Agixa*, Ubeniq), halauxifen (ForageMax*, Paradigm*, Pixxaro*, Rexade*), picloram (Fallow Boss Tordon*, Grazon Extra*, Tordon, Tordon 242*, Tordon Regrowth Master*, Trinoc*, Vigilant II*), fluroxypyr (Crest*, Hotshot*, Pixxaro*, Starane), triclopyr (Garlon, Grazon Extra*, Tordon Regrowth Master*, Tough Roundup Weedkiller*, Ultimate Brushweed* Herbicide), ametryn (Amigan*, Gesapax Combi*, Krismat, Primatol Z), atrazine (Gesapax Combi*, Gesaprim, Primextra Gold*), cyanazine (Bladex), prometryn (Bandit*, Cotogard*, Gesagard), propazine (Agaprop), simazine (Brunnings RTU Path Weeder*, Gesatop, Bantox*, Yates Once A Year Path Weeder*), terbuthylazine (Effigy*, Firestorm*, Palmero TX*, Terbyne), terbutryn (Agtryne MA*, Amigan*, Igran), amicarbazone (Amitron*) hexazinone (Bobcat I-Maxx*, Velmac Plus*, Velpar K4*, Velpar L), metribuzin (Aptitude*, Sencor), bromacil (Hyvar, Krovar*), terbacil (Eucmix Pre Plant*, Sinbar, Trimac Plus*), diuron (Karmex, Krovar*, Velpar K4*), fluometuron (Bandit*, Cotogard*, Cotoran), linuron (Afalon), methabenzthiazuron (Tribunil), siduron (Tupersan), tebuthiuron (Graslan), bentazone (Basagran, Basagran M60*, Lawnweeder Plus*), bromoxynil (Barrel*, Buctril, Buctril MA*, Buffalo Pro Weedkiller*, Eliminar C*, Flight*, Jaguar*, Quadrant*, Talinor*, Triathlon*, Velocity*), ioxynil (Actril DS*, Totril), glyphosate (Arsenal Xpress*, Bantox*, Broadway*, Firestorm*, Illico*, Resolva*, Roundup, Sandoban*, Tough Roundup Weedkiller*, Trounce*, Yates Pathweeder*), diflufenican (Brodal, Gangster*, Jaguar*, Mateno Complete*, Quadrant*, Spearhead*, Tigrex*, Triathlon*, Yates Pathweeder*), picolinafen (Eliminar C*, Flight*, Paragon*, Quadrant*, Sniper), bixlozone (Overwatch), clomazone (Altiplano*, Command), acifluorfen (Blazer), fomesafen (Reflex), oxyfluorfen (Goal, Rout, Yates Pathweeder), pyraflufen (Condor*, Ecopar, Pyresta*), butafenacil (B-Power*, Logran B-Power*, Resolva*), flumioxazin (Valor, Terrain), saflufenacil (Sharpen, Voraxor*), tiafenacil (TerradOr), trifludimoxazin (Voraxor*), carfentrazone (Affinity, Aptitude*, Broadway, Buffalo Pro Weedkiller*, Silverado*), dimethenamid (Freehand*, Frontier-P, Outlook ), metazachlor (Butisan), metolachlor (Boxer Gold*, Dual Gold, Primextra Gold*), propachlor (Prothal*, Ramrod), pyroxasulfone (Mateno Complete*, Sakura), EPTC (Eptam), molinate (Ordram), pebulate (Tillam), prosulfocarb (Arcade, Bolta Duo*, Boxer Gold*, Diablo Duo*), thiobencarb (Saturn), tri-allate (Avadex, Diablo Duo*, Jetti Duo*), vernolate (Vernam), diquat (Reglone, Spray Seed*), paraquat (Alliance*, Gramoxone, Spray Seed*), carbetamide (Carbetamex, Ultro), , chlorpropham (Chlorpropham), benzofenap (Taipan), pyrasulfotole (Precept*, Velocity*) topramezone (Frequency), bicyclopyrone (Talinor*), mesotrione (Callisto), cinmethylin (Luximax), methiozolin (PoaCure Turf), amitrole (Alliance*, Amitrole, Brunnings RTU Pathweeder*, Illico*, Firestorm*, Yates Onceyear Pathweeder*), DSMA (disodium methylarsonate) (Methar, Trinoc*), MSMA (monosodium methylarsonate) (Daconate), Pelargonic acid (Nonanoic acid) (Slasher), dalapon (Dalapon, Yates Onceyear Pathweeder*, flupropanate (Frenock).